The disdrometer thread is very interesting. I read most and scanned some material. It went from audible to visible detection. Here is a slightly different visible method of rain detection that was mentioned in wx eqpt maint school. Raindrops from a funnel pass through a kerosene layer. The kerosene layer is observed by a light source/detector. As the water passes through the oil, the transmissivity of the oil changes. The amount of rain is determined by the change of oil density. It was described as a 'rain rate detector'.
Light rain may produce discrete water drops in the oil. Heavy rain may cause mixing of water/oil.
The first/last rain may be determined, or the rain rate. The drop characteristics can not be determined by this method.
Also, retaining the oil may be a problem on draining. A siphon method may work to pull water settled on the bottom of the tank.