Dave,
Currently, when mirroring a tab in the PC/Mac Chrome browser or the entire computer desktop, the video stream is sourced directly from the computer itself. The plugin creates a video stream from the browser tab content and sends it to the Chromecast dongle. There is no browser functionality on the Chromecast dongle. There is no tablet or phone needed to control that. It is all managed at the computer with the the Chrome browser. After installing the required Chrome browser extension, a small icon appears in the browser toolbar that brings up the control menu. At the moment, there does not seem to be a similar screen mirroring capability for Android or Apple phones/tablets, although Google has recently released the SDK development toolkit and is promising that capability "soon".
There is another Google extension that allows direct streaming of video files stored somewhere on the local LAN to the Chromecast dongle. The video can be sourced from the controlling PC itself, or the PC can initiate the video stream from another device on the network, as long as it is mounted on the controlling PC. For example, I have a Synology NAS server on my LAN where I store my video files. I have the video directories of the NAS mounted as network drives on my PC. I can start playback of one of the video files on the NAS from my PC. I think the data transferred is directly from NAS to Chromecast device. I have transport controls from the plugin on my PC, yet the video only plays on the Chromecast-connected TV. In other words, the decoding of the video is done directly by the Chromecast dongle...I think. I see no CPU usage increase when streaming this way, so I assume the PC is only controlling the stream and not involved in decoding the file. Not sure about this, though.
If initiating video streaming from YouTube, Hulu, Netflix or another supported video site on the Web (any HTML5 video) from either PC/Mac or phone/tablet, the computer/phone/tablet is acting as a controller only. The content streams directly from the web, so a broadband connection on the LAN is required.
Regards,
Don
WD9DMP