I thought about sanding the edges, but that's just about impossible now. On a brand new case, you could almost do it, though you might have to break the window out of its glue to do a good job. Now that I have the original case and window glued into a weatherproof box, it's pretty much out of the question - the edges are not accessible.
However, I should be able to identify the sensor's sight line on the window and paint everything outside of that sight line, which would mask out the edges. Tape, I realized, wouldn't work, since the temperature inside the box in sunlight gets over 45ºC, and would unstick the tape pretty quickly.